Sample Essay
In Italy the Enlightenment movement was known as the Illuminismo. Italy at the end of the 17th century was under the suffocating influence of the Jesuits[1]. This basically implied a social setup dominated by religion and allowing little room for creative thought or scientific development.
Key figure in the Italian Enlightenment was Pietro Giannone. The themes of his various works were very similar to the work being done by Enlightenment authors in the rest of Europe. Infact his work eventually won praise from such noted Enlightenment thinkers as Voltaire. One of his most well-known work Istoria civile del Regno di Napoli had strong anti-Catholic flavor to it. This along with his other works spoke strongly against the superstitious nature of the Church and its effect on the training and education that it gives.
[1] The Jesuit Order controlled both education and the publication of books (censorship). Jesuit education philosophy stressed Latin language and memorization, aimed at indoctrinating rather than at convincing the student, and therefore was responsible for creating an atmosphere which favoured superstition.( Enlightenment in Italy-http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/italy/italenl.html). The Jesuits were expelled from Italy after the Bourbon reforms in Sapin.
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