Sample essays on philosophy
Emerson concurs with Abraham Maslow that individual accomplishments are a measure of esteem and self actualization that human beings strive to achieve after fulfilling the more basic needs such as shelter and food. Emerson’s discourse reiterates that virtue is an exception and not the rule.
Additionally, he says, living beings live under liberty and demise. What he is saying in this instance, is that one day, all human beings will die. This is an inescapable fact and we have to contend ourselves with it. On the other hand, we all crave freedom in one way or the other.
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Their “imagined community” of English language competence was predicated on their understanding that English is a “language of possibility” and speaking it would open opportunity for them.
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The criticism that is lodged against Kantianism confers mainly to three aspects, the inhumanity of the Kant’s theory, the question motivation and the defeasibility of Duty. The man criticism that is pointed out against Kant and his theory is that his theory does not provide for morality in the natural sense. Kant actually starts off with moral intuitions of human beings and how to reach moral laws but concludes his argument on counter unintuitive conclusions. The traditional criticism here us that Kant is not sufficiently able to explain the force of reason with motivates humans for their behavior and decision making.
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Research philosophy acts as a guiding principle for the accomplishment of research objectives. If this is unclear, the entire project can turn towards failure. The philosophy of qualitative research used in both the research projects is harmonious to the philosophy of knowledge, epistemology. Both of these research projects rely on achieving a two-pronged purpose: directive and interpretive.
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Michael C. Jackson has put forward this strong concept of SOSM of system thinking in operational research, he plotted the problem contexts along two axes, horizontal depicts increasing values divergence in unitary, pluralist, and coercive situations, and along vertical the complexity of the problem resides in two levels of simple and complex (Jackson, 2000, p.110).
It is evident from the grid that as values and interests become more diverged in the organization, problem context become more complex, so as the systems and processes to solve these proms change.
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This is a topic that largely debates on the rationality of human beings and the circumstances under which they cheat. It is often found that people do cheat, however, under a veil of rationality knowing when and where to cheat. In any such case, importance to internal cost is imposed at a much greater extent, while ignoring the external costs. The Rational Choice Theory suggests that the amount of cheating varies directly with the perception of people that relative gains from cheating exceed the cost in doing so, while ignoring all external variables.
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The system dynamics theory of Peter Senge’s has some problems also as if the system follow some archetypes not the all, or if it concentrates on only four assumptions not the system thinking the desired results would not be achieved. Also it ignores the other systems approaches and only focuses on system dynamics which again leaves the room for improvement.(Jackson,, 1995, p. 38).
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Today, information systems are becoming more and more complex with the passage of time, to incorporate all of the organization’s functions, scaling up to the complete enterprise. While these systems are built on the philosophy to incorporate all the engineering principles, that is to ensure that a “technically high quality” product is at hand, built as efficiently as possible, most of these projects initiated for information systems development fail due to reasons other than technical, more towards human failure, organizational failure (Ottens, 2005), legal failure. Researchers hence are more inclined towards understanding these systems as socio-technical systems that involve both the technical facets such as engineering as well as social facets that are essential for its effective functioning. Systems, however complex they may be, require collaboration, organizational commitment, and legal commitment etcetera.
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One may say that these systems are mutually dependent on each other to perform, based on how they transform each other, to support the organizational operations. While systems get designed based on principles of logic, these systems once completed act to provide input to the social environment to restructure operations of the overall environments surrounding the system. In turn, when the social environment is mapped to fit the needs of the system, these newly structured approaches may require the system to be changed in order to function more precisely in view of the new environment.